What the Human Rights Act 1998 covers
The Human Rights Act 1998 brings the rights set out in the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law. It affects how public bodies treat you and gives you a way to challenge decisions that interfere with your basic freedoms.
Many people assume this law only applies to extreme situations involving torture or political persecution. In practice, it covers a much wider range of everyday matters. The Act protects your right to life, prohibits torture and inhuman treatment, and safeguards your right to express your views, follow your religious beliefs, enjoy your private and family life, and receive a fair hearing if you end up in court.
For neighbours dealing with disputes, the Act can be relevant in several ways. Your right to respect for your home and private life may come into play when local authorities handle complaints about noise, antisocial behaviour or other nuisances.

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The Act sets out a range of protections that affect ordinary situations:
- The right to life
- Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment
- The right to respect for your private and family life, your home and your correspondence
- Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
- Freedom of expression
- The right to a fair trial
- Protection of property
- Protection from discrimination when exercising your other rights
When dealing with public authorities, these rights shape the interactions and expectations on both sides. Public authorities include councils, the police, and government departments. Housing associations fall within scope only when carrying out functions of a public nature.
If a council is investigating a complaint against you, or if you are taking action against a neighbour through official channels, both sides may have human rights considerations that the authority must balance.
Your situation may be slightly different. ask a question below ↓ and our editorial team will reply with our advice.
Limits on these rights
Your rights under the Act are generally not absolute. Some can be restricted where public bodies have a legitimate reason to do so, and courts allow governments a margin of appreciation when interpreting how rights apply in specific contexts.
Restrictions must usually be lawful, necessary and proportionate. This means any interference with your rights should go no further than needed to achieve a valid aim. Valid aims can include protecting national security, preventing crime, safeguarding public health, or protecting the rights of others.
Your freedom of expression does not permit harassment or hate speech. Your right to privacy may be limited if police have proper grounds to monitor communications during a criminal investigation.
The balance between competing rights often matters in neighbour disputes. Your right to enjoy your home peacefully must be weighed against your neighbour's right to live their life. Public authorities dealing with complaints have to consider both sides.
In times of emergency, the government can apply derogations, which are temporary suspensions of certain rights. This power is limited and subject to strict conditions.
How to find out more
The Equality and Human Rights Commission provides detailed guidance on how the Human Rights Act works and what each right means in practice. Their website explains when rights can be limited and how to challenge a public body if you believe your rights have been breached.
GOV.UK also has information on the Act and how it applies across different areas of public life. Note that human rights law continues to develop through court rulings and potential legislative changes, so check for recent updates.
If you believe a public authority has violated your rights, you may be able to bring a claim in court, though claims must meet specific legal thresholds. Time limits apply, so getting advice early is sensible. Citizens Advice can help you understand your options. For complex situations, consider contacting a solicitor or checking whether you qualify for legal aid through the GOV.UK legal aid checker.
Understanding your basic rights can help you know where you stand when dealing with councils, housing providers or other bodies involved in neighbour disputes.
I have discovered the neighbourly law which states thy shall not harm thy neighbour.. her acts of omission towards me are absolutely disgusting..she knows she is causing me serious ill health and lacks any sympathy what so ever… because I want the smart meters removed she then started to block my back gate easement and texted me to tell me that I am not allowed to use it.. I told her that I will continue to use it.. my issue is serious because it’s my health which has only started to decline from the day her meters where installed…her issues are petty little things even to the point where she pointed out to me that my verge cap was overhanging onto her property by 2inches!!..
I am seriously stuck here and do not know what to do.. It’s seriously effecting my mobility…
My words were; 'excuse me can you move you camera away from my doors and windows '
He totally ignored and walked onto his house before I could finished saying; it's invading our privacy and all our visitors feel invaded.
Because of his ignorance i now feel Harassed and vulnerable especially when my husband works away
The moment I step on my door step the sensor light is activated.
this has turned the open view into closed view from our side
and
i am not able to use my garden because it seems someone is watching me thru the windows.
what remedy do i have ?
Attentive accommodation what has affect her sons needs.
Making comments behind their fences
Blind watching us though there CCTV its a big joke to them.ITS ALL BECAUSE THEY DONT WANT US USING THE Garden. Because No one else has use the garden before. Makes their dogs barks BS!!!! 100%
These people are stupid small minded people. Bullied a single parent Who has a son who
Has a Disability and supported needs.
.Taking the piss out of his mother Because she has a Medical condition. . Throughout the lockdown normal people in this world support and look out for each other. I really don’t understand these people they must have some sort of personality disorders.. Its not normal. The police do know about it but they’ve talked their way out of it, like they always do. Deleting the evidence getting their story straight. They have done this to other tenants as well In the past. Hopefully one day they will get new neighbours and
Do this to the wrong people. They should be disgusted in their selfs.We are nice honest people just trying to get on with our life’s
Not that washing up was my favourite chore but I now feel uncomfortable at my sink, drinking coffee at my breakfast bar or eating dinner at my dining table. Also if we’re working in the garage they can look straight at us. We tried to talk to them but they constantly interrupted us and then Made it personal. Their answer basically is it’s their home and land and they can do what they want and they don’t need our permission and just so you know we’re going to paint the red brick wall white so when the sun shines it will glare in your window. Also the gate now means we have lost the ability to sneak an extra car at the end of our drive which didn’t block any accesses although we’ve been doing this for 17 years.
I have a neighbour that has one of the biggest trampolines in her garden. Daily they use there trampoline which overlooks my garden. Everyday the adults use the trampoline aswell as there children. We are so overlooked when they are jumping is there anything I can do about this?
I am renting a studio flat on the 1st floor of the block of flat and my flat is in front next to the porch and the entrance door. Our mailboxes our outside the block of flat and few of the mailboxes have been vandalised so The estate agent has just installed a camera on the porch ( which I do not dispute) but the camera is pointed directly into my flat and if I open my blind they can infringe my private life. I have send the estate agent few emails to make them understand that the camera is place in the wrong side of the porch but they do not want to know what should I do?
What can I do? How do I protect my privacy???
what can i do i feel im not getting the support from my police or council ?
The problem is they crap over my garden, house, conservatory and cars. We dare not sit in the garden while they are out.
What can I do
Pointed at my small front garden where my grand children play
It's quite a distance from the centre and we are very concerned
There is no signage around the estate about this
Any advice on this please we have live here for 50 years
Front garden where my grandchildren play
The centre is on the same estate wher we have lived for 50 years there's no signage around
The estate
May I know where I should complaint about members of the managing committee of my society as they have installed cctv exactly face to our residencial door. Is it permissible to installed cctv inside the society? is it permissible for society to install cctv camera face to residential door.
The CCTV was installed to prevent crime & antisocial behaviour. However, on requesting subject access data from my housing in September 2016, I learnt Housing have been using the CCTV to collect data on my wife when she leaves & returns home.
She suffers from PTSD & anxiety. Does not leave home very often & never alone. I was really angry when I read this in the SAR info. Housing have failed/declined to answer why this information was collected.
This is against why the CCTV was put into the communal hall. It should not be used to spy on a individual person this way!
Please could you give me some advice what i should do. Many thanks.
There are also all types of human rights and a few of these are directly aimed at the government but to state that only a public authority can breach your rights is false
"the Human Rights Act 1998 also makes it mandatory for you to respect the rights of other people and to exercise your rights in a manner in which you would not be preventing others from exercising theirs."
However that's not true. As a private individual you have no obligations under the human rights act - because it only applies to:
"all public authorities, and
all other bodies, whether public or private, performing public functions"
Therefore it's not relevant to link this to infringing privacy with domestic cctv systems. Only the council or another public body could breach your human rights in this way
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