Adverse possession is the legal process by which someone who has been using land they do not own can, in certain circumstances, claim ownership of it. In the context of neighbours and boundaries, this most commonly arises where a fence, hedge or border has been in the wrong position for many years and one party has been using a strip of land that technically belongs to the other.
If you're concerned about a boundary dispute or think adverse possession may apply to your situation, you can check your legal position using our free Neighbour Rights Checker.
How It Works
The basic principle is straightforward. If you have had sole, uninterrupted use of a piece of land for a long enough period, without the owner's permission, you may be able to apply to have the legal ownership transferred to you. The land does not have to be large. Disputes over boundary strips of a few feet are among the most common adverse possession cases between neighbours.
The rules differ depending on whether the land is registered or unregistered, and when the period of possession began.
Unregistered Land
For unregistered land, or for registered land where the required period of adverse possession was completed before 13 October 2003, the qualifying period is 12 years. If you can show that you have had exclusive possession of the land for at least 12 years, without the owner's consent, the original owner's right to reclaim it is extinguished under the Limitation Act 1980.
Registered Land (Post-2003 Rules)
For registered land where the possession period was not completed before 13 October 2003, the Land Registration Act 2002 introduced a different process. The qualifying period is 10 years, but the procedure is more involved:
- After 10 years of adverse possession, you can apply to the Land Registry to be registered as the owner.
- The Land Registry will notify the registered owner, any mortgage lender, and certain other interested parties.
- Those notified have 65 business days to object.
- If the owner objects, the application will normally be rejected, unless you can satisfy one of three specific conditions set out in Schedule 6 of the Act.
- If your application is rejected but you remain in adverse possession for a further two years, you can apply again and will be registered as owner whether or not the registered owner objects.

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Try our Neighbour Rights Checker free, here on this site →The Three Conditions
If the registered owner objects to your initial application, you can still succeed if you can show one of the following:
- It would be unconscionable for the registered owner to object, because of an equity by estoppel (for example, the owner encouraged you to believe the land was yours and you acted on that belief).
- You are entitled to the land for some other reason, such as under a will or by a boundary agreement.
- You reasonably believed for at least 10 years that the land belonged to you, and the land concerned is adjacent to your own property. This is the condition most commonly relied on in boundary fence disputes.
The Brown v Ridley Ruling (2025)
In March 2025, the Supreme Court clarified an important point about the third condition in the case of Brown v Ridley. The question was whether the 10 years of reasonable belief had to run right up to the date of the application, or whether it could fall within any period during the possession.
The Supreme Court held unanimously that the 10 years of reasonable belief can fall within any part of the possession period. It does not have to be the most recent 10 years. This is a helpful clarification for anyone whose belief may have been challenged or shaken shortly before they got round to applying. The ruling makes it slightly easier to satisfy this condition, provided the belief was genuinely held for a continuous 10 year period at some point.
Your situation may be slightly different. ask a question below ↓ and our editorial team will reply with our advice.
What Counts as Possession
To establish adverse possession, you need to show three things:
- You had factual, exclusive possession of the land. This means you were the only person using it and treating it as your own.
- You intended to possess it. Casual or incidental use is not enough.
- The possession was without the owner's consent. If the owner gave you permission to use the land, even informally, it does not count.
Practical evidence that supports a claim includes maintaining the land (mowing, planting, repairing), fencing it off, and using it in a way that an owner would. The courts have said that erecting a fence around the land is a strong indicator of possession.
Boundary Disputes Between Neighbours
The most common scenario between neighbours is where a fence or hedge has been in the wrong position for many years. One neighbour has been maintaining and using a strip of land on their side of the fence, assuming it was theirs, while the title deeds show it actually belongs to the other neighbour.
If the fence has been in that position for long enough and the conditions above are met, the neighbour who has been using the land may have a claim. However, adverse possession cases can be unpredictable and fact-specific. Small differences in the evidence can change the outcome.
If a new neighbour moves in and wants to enforce the legal boundary shown on the title deeds, it is worth getting legal advice before either side takes action. Moving a fence or reclaiming land without going through the proper process can create more problems than it solves.
Getting Legal Advice
Adverse possession is a complex area of property law with many technical requirements. Applications can be rejected if the forms are not completed correctly or the supporting evidence is insufficient. If you are considering a claim, or defending one, it is sensible to consult a solicitor who specialises in property disputes. The Land Registry also publishes detailed practice guides (PG4 for registered land, PG5 for unregistered land) that set out the application process step by step.
Given that nearly 40 years have passed with the fence in its current position, you likely have a strong case. However, property disputes can be complex, so I'd recommend getting a solicitor who specialises in boundary disputes to review your situation properly. They can confirm your adverse possession claim and help resolve this without things escalating further. Many offer initial consultations that could give you peace of mind about where you stand legally.
Would this garage wall be a shared wall, and have I got the right too keep this coverway because of how long it has been up for so long.
We maintain it and have replaced the PVC sheets several times over the years.
The neighbours now must of been aware of this when they purchased the property
Have I got my rights to keep my coverway.
We moved into a detached bungalow 4 years, originally owned by a very old lady who had let the garden get into a terrible mess.
One of the 1st jobs we did was to try and clear it up. On the left hand side was a fence running all the way up the side of garden in decent condition.
Situated right in front of it were a couple of bits of old wooden fence and some rusty chicken wire which only ran half way up our garden and the wire was tight against the neighbours fence, probably 1 inch away but often touching her fence in places.
Our garden is approximately 50 to 60 feet long and the rusty chicken wire ran about half way up before it dissappeared completely and was also in terrible condition so having 4 dogs I felt it was dangerous if anything and removed it.
We recently fell out with a neighbour and she claimed that this chicken wire was her boundary fence and that we had no right to remove it and has now complained to the council, even though we removed it 4 years ago.
Looking at the deeds, she has ownership of that side of the garden, but I presumed the wooden fence was her border, and like I said the rusty chicken wire was virtually touching it and only ran for about half way the length of the fence anyway and was in terrible condition.
Please can someone advise the situation here.
In all honesty it sounds very petty but our neighbour complains about everything, has already complained to the council about our dogs which went nowhere, complains if we have music on an afternoon at the weekend, complains about a bush which grows onto her garden, complained we had put a security camera up at the back of her house which in reality was a solar night light, etc....
She is quite a difficult person to deal with and quite confrontational to say the least, in fact she is very rude at times.
Again does anyone have any advice.
Thanks
Guy
Last year when it was installed and we got on he even complimented it and said it save him a job as he has plans to sort his own garden out ( it is overgrown and he hasnt phisically been in it for over 18mth). Any ideas???
Two decades ago she (his mother) declared speaking, current news, weather was not enough. She decided she wanted to come inside of your life and see for herself she began banging into all adjoining walls from the top of the house to the basement. She was duly focused on entrance ways, living rooms, dining, kitchen and bedrooms, later it was the bathroom spy cameras and creating a climate by threats to my mother and myself specifically *your not going to live in THAT HOUSE and not speak to me.
Her son has began as she had done soliciting neighbirs to break into my house and take everything. His mother had been entertaining friends on the porch declaring, that what I needed to do was open the door, and key everybody come in and pick what they wanted! She particularly had a personal interests in a leather coat she remembered I had. She's declared that she watches people's clothes. Since she's six times bigger than I im not certain how thT would be of any value to her.
Stalking, threatening, intimidating, harassing, slandering, creating a persecutorial climate among friends, neighbors or strangers to promote her own self aggrandizement and to hinder another's progress and normal right to peace inside of your home and preventing them from. Having an intimate relationship with others as though you were their prisoner and she is the angry, dissatisfied God preventing your threatening to control someone to break in everyday, exclaiming with angst, "when is she leaving" as you embark to go to work. And the purpose is to bring her your earned income. "Give me money", was her comment which I ignored her as she feels she is going from generation to generation, as she did my mother by threat of harm to the point my mother stopped going to church because she used these criminal men to lean in my mothers face as she left home.
At this day, she felt while I had spent a decade caring for my parents and I would be intimidated as she brought hundreds of men to look at me as though they would kill me because I called the police repeatedly.
Am I allowed to do this or who do I apply or see about it.
Many thanks
Thanks.
Recently this escalated to threats of physical violence against me, thinking of just setting it on fire?
Would this then be a smoke nuisance too ?
Lalmasood
Many thanks ??
Now the 'new' neighbour wants to reinstate a fence, using the incorrect land registry plan as a guide..... We cannot agree exactly where the fence erected in 1989 was. Any advice please.....
During COVID this was hit by a delivery driver and caused dameged to the fence.
My question is, are there any rules on what fence should be in place where the road ends. Brick fence or developer can put any kind of fence of there choice.
Is there any law on this issue.
The hedge was planted in 1970-71 and since then the house owners have always maintained the hedge in question.
How can I claim Adverse Possession for this hedge.
The neighbour who also has this as their boundary line have clearly written and stated that we and our predecessors have to maintain the hedge.
Will appreciate some help and feedback.
The original development plans show a 1m exclusion zone around the hedge for root protection. However the latest updated plans now show their legal boundary to be somewhere in the hedge, and the developer says they will cut back the hedge and trees - possibly eradicating it completely. Can I claim possession, adverse or otherwise? How do I do this? The developers are known for their strong arm tactics.
We often park our car in front and have done over the years because parking is tight on our road. I want to clarify who the space officially belongs to. The deeds are unclear to me. They have had the thrown up garage in place for around 20 years however.
My next door neighbours and I are at a loss.
They recently had work undertaken by the council to give their young child a needed secure fence. This is 6ft tall and is a complete box. However this was not built to the boundary edge. I have the boundary posts and original fence on my side. There are shrubs and trees behind this original boundary for a depth of a metre up until their fence. It's not a shared hedge as there is no hedge on my side.
I have been in touch with the council, and have been told maintenance of that hedge is my neighbours.
But they have no access to the metre to maintain it as there is a 6ft fence.
The only way to maintain it would be to enter my garden.
And even then there is the original fence in the way of them maintaining it.
It's not really a dispute between neighbours, but are the council allowed to do this.
My house is privately rented.
MY NEIGHBOR NEXT DOOR HAS A 2FT SPACE BEHIND HIS GARAGE WHICH PREVIOUS 2 OWNERS AGO PUT A FENCE ON BOTH SIDES BUT NOT ACROSS DUE TO ME HAVING A GARDEN. THE CURRENT NEIGHBOR NOW
WANTS TO PUT A FENCE ACROSS..ONE SIDE IS WOOD ONE SIDE IS CHAIN LINK.. I HAVE FENCED IN A SQUARE FOR MY CURRENT GARDEN...... NO NEED FOR HIS FENCE DOES HE HAVE RIGHTS EVEN THOUGH I MAINTAINED IT FOR 30 YRS AND THE PRIOR OWNER PUT HER FENCE PURPOSELY THAT WAY
I have Deeds showing it is my fence however there are no measurements showing the size of the land - how can I prove they have taken my land without measurements on the Deeds ?
And so does next door to him
The problem is his old shed is on
My brother's side an we are trying
To get our fence back up...
We have try taking to the next door
Man but he not bother about the
shed. What to do.
To my greatest surprise, I went on holiday outside UK only to come back and found that this man has shifted my fence and build a block of 2 rooms, leaving part of my 30 year old wooden workshop into his compound. I am considering a legal action. Please what should I do?
I have also maintained and paid for the up keep of the paths and gated areas that i share with my neighbour. She has never offered Any payment towards the upkeep.
I can prove all this with letters and with receipts.
Can i claim any rights to this communal drying green area.
Can you please help and advise.
Scottish jock
she said that i have taken her land and is now putting a new fence up on her land (she has only lived in the property for 5 years ) as i have lived here for 14 years am i correct in saying that i can claim the land and have her replace the laurel bushes ?
what steps do i need to take next ? thanks
I will now be erecting a fence on my property along the boundary line but in order to do so the neighbours’ fence and plants will need to be removed, cut back and returned to the neighbour.
Am I permitted to do this?
Would this be considered criminal damage?
If the fence remains I will be giving up to the neighbour about a meter of land along a 40 meter stretch. This does not seem right or reasonable.
There is a fence between my neighbours house and mine that my grandad (the previous owner) put up, but in the wrong place. this has stood for 30 years now (the concrete posts, panels have of course been replaced during that time).
I want to clarify this to my neighbour to avoid legally losing the land but I'm concerned the neighbour will file for adverse possession as soon as the fence is mentioned to him. If I can point him to the section of legislation that states adverse possession is no longer an option then I can at least put in writing to him that he is on my land with my consent until such a time that I require it back
you see my neighbour has a fence on my land that's been there for decades (unsure how long but as long as I can remember (25 years). my neighbour moved in in 1986 and no adverse possession order has been brought. the land registry deed clearly show I own the land about a meter beyond the point where the fence begins and there is a landmark to demonstrate this (a small section of wall features in the land registries boarder.
Does this mean legally they've ran out of time to make a claim of adverse possession?
Could you tell me where I could read more on this expiry as I cant find anything on google.
Thanks in advance, great article
Ben
would my neighbours be allowed to take possession if i did this?
It’s isnt in the right place due to my dad and ex husband of our neighbour agreeing where it is now.
Her and her new husband have now stated they are moving the fence to where they think it should be
A) are they allowed to do this with our agreeing a boundary line first (we have deeds but obviously the fence was put in wrong from her in the first place)
B) they have very aggressive dogs and we have young children we are convergence dogs will get in our garden
B)
I am aware that it would be fairly difficult to build along the boundary line unless my foundation is dug in the neighbours property by 100mm or so, but my plans have a stipulation on the detail that the foundation is to be 600mm (rather than the 500mm generally) wide to accommodate the edge build for the wall over the foundation.
I just need to get some advice on where I stand and as to whether I can remove the 1 and a half panels in my garden so the wall can replace it.
Thank you for your time in advance.
This old wall has an ugly side on my side and I believe this wall was put up by previous owners of my property , as the neighbour would not erect such a wall on the neighbours land with the ugly side facing the neighbour. if a claim for adverse posession is done by my neighbour is it just the land up to the old wall that he can claim or also the wall itself, as we are taking him to court for tresspassing and damage. What is your view. Can we for example claim the land up to the old wall is his through adverse possesion , but the wall itself is mine since it sits on my land . Just a small matter on the title deeds this wall is marked 'T' on the neighbours plans, but I still insist that it has been built by my house previous owners for the reasons above. This wall is falling apart and never been maintained? Your view. The neighbour says this wall has been there for over 60 years? He is not even that age?
Also he moved out of the property about 6 years ago and now after a divorce has moved in as a tenant in 2015 with the house owner in title a lady owner residing somewhere else.
Our builder began putting the panels and posts in but when he returned to add the final 2 panels the neighbors daughter appeared and stated that the fence was in the wrong position and that the boundary line was wrong from the top of our garden right past 2 houses (her father's being the 2nd one) she provided the builder with an OS printout that indeed shows the fence starting about 2 ft further into our side of the land in line with a brick wall of another property, however at this point there is a 20ft high tree that must have been there for many years. She stated this was their deeds but the house highlighted in the printout was our property which stands on a separate plot of land. (Our property and garden are separated by a dirt track and on separate deeds).
My question is although we have only owned the land for 7years would the existence of both the flowerbed and well established tree be enough to claim adverse possession? There is also the evidence that there were already 2 fence panels in existence. If we hadn't of removed the evergreens that provided the boundary the daughter would never have raised this as an issue.
And the law let's them!
Why have boundaries and land registry if the law works for the illegal occupier. What happened to honesty and honour.
When the original fence was put in 18 years ago,we knew it had been placed wrongly along our border by the guy who installed it. As our previous neighbours were lovely and their original post wasn’t attached to our wall, we just left it. However when the new fence was erected, we weren’t consulted about bolting the new concrete post to our wall and have subsequently fallen out with the neighbour because he is nasty, and I now want a higher fence panel to block him out.
Please advise.
Thanks
Neighbour has not installed any guttering but thinks that to let the roof overhang mine and let the rain gush over onto my shed roof felting is perfectly OK
They have left no air-flow space between his and mine and as the sun and wind comes from their direction my shed is already all green with algae, including my pond bridge. Thus causing premature rotting.
Now it is winter, the structure puts all the width of my rear garden in the shade and is too dangerous to walk on as is like a soggy bog and slippery. His garden is built up so his shed is much higher than mine..
How do I complain? He is using the guise of Permitted Development - in a conservation area- and employing a private inspector. so council not involved.
Despite renewing the shed roof felting 3 years ago, the electrical sockets tripped the house sockets the night of the storm recently.
My neighbour has compiled some photographs and evidence that makes it look like the fence is in fact in his property and he has formally asked me to move it making it line up with the other fence saying if I do not move it he will see me in court. I spoke to a solicitor and he has suggested getting a survey and then a compromise.
As the survey will probably work against me I suggested a compromise but my neighbour is not interested and is claiming that as I recently moved the fence I had previously moved that fence too. I did not move that fence but did have it replaced some twenty years before. I am not sure if my neighbour will take the matter to court but if he does I fear I will lose. Can I claim adverse possession and if I do would that be classified as admittance of not owning the property? Based on all the above will I lose? Could the judge find me guilty of trespassing and if so what could I be fined? Would I be made to pay the costs? What is the best course of action?
To make it easier to maintain the fence we erected it with the posts on his side , although the fence is our responsibility. This actually gives him more land.
Can he make us move our fence, or turn around the panels so the posts are on our side? We have lived in the house for 17 years and this is the first we have heard of a fence complaint.
My parents live in a freehold house in England. We have lived there for 40 years, as have our neighbours, who also own a detached freehold house. 3 years ago, the neighbour employed some people to repair the fence which demarcates our 2 properties. In doing so, they moved the border, by about 25cms, so that the new border, was formed by the side wall of our garage.
My father had died a month or 2 before this, so the house passed to my mothers possession.
I noticed that the fence had moved and the neighbours son apologised and moved the slats from the front of the post to the rear ie. by about 4 cms.
The neighbour was old, so I said it was ok as a temporary measure, knowing that much of the rest of the fence was in poor condition and would therefore need replacement and assumed that its position would be corrected at that time.
I went away and on my return, I noticed, that the rotten parts of the fence had been replaced, but the erroneously sited part of the fence, has not been re-sited.
I have asked the neighbours son to now do this, but his mother, though she said 'its only a small bit of land' has refused to do this.
I have put the request in writing. H ow should I proceed and can I physically have the fence post and fence removed ? If so can I bill them for this work and who is liable for the damage that would occur in moving the fence ?
Thanks!
There are two separate issues here:
(1) Can Adveerse possession be applied to land containing a neighbours foundations (thereby putting them at risk)?
(2) Can he be made to remove his attachment(s) from my wall? Unless he gained the land by Adverse Possessionit would not be a Party Wall.
My solicitor is advising that many diferent outcomes are possible , ranging from me winning, but having to pay my own costs ( plus some of his,) .Even if I give up now it will have cost me several thousand. I think the answer to (1) is crucial.
Thank you.
My issue is with the state of the council area out of the back of my garden, this patch of land has had garden and possibly other types of waste/rubbish dumped on it so it is impossible to cut the grass with a grass cutter.
The council have never cut it from as far as I can remember, and definitely not in the 10 years that I have owned the property. Also it is only the area outside of my garden that has been affected.
The council have not tried to (or don’t want to) cut the grass, remove long weeds and nettles, so to stop damage to my fence and to not let the area become an eyesore I have maintained the area by strimming the grass and weeds etc and using weed killer to try to prevent regrowth which doesn’t work.
As the area is not my own I have not wanted to spend a great deal of money on it as in my eyes it’ll only benefit the council by enabling them to cut the grass properly. The area is that bad you're unable to cut the grass properly it would need to be dug out and re-laid as it is that lumpy and raised up.
I phoned the council last year to complain of the state of the area as there was a wheelie bin and other things dumped there, they took away the wheelie bin and that was it, the area is still in the same eyesore state.
Although I have owed the property of 10 years I have not lived there that long, as I moved out when I separated from my ex-wife, I have only been back in the house for the last 2 years or so when I obtained it back.
I would like to erect a fence and bring it in line with my next door neighbour’s garden this would make the area look much neater and tidy.
I feel that if it was enclosed and part of my garden I would feel the benefit of putting this work and money into the area.
My only concern is if I spend money on erecting a fence and organising the area into my garden, the council may then complain and tell me to remove the fence, even though they have not maintained the area and possibly would not even after the fence was removed.
Would the council be able to do this even though they have not maintained the area for well over ten years?
Many thanks
Do we have any rites to stop them?
Cedric
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